Mobility aids provide physical support and may reduce the risk of falls.
Mobility aids are tools like canes, walkers, wheelchairs, and scooters that can provide essential support to older adults. These devices may help them maintain their independence, reduce the risk of falls, and improve quality of life.
Choosing the right mobility aid and using it correctly is crucial for safety and effectiveness. Read on to learn more about proper selection, fitting, usage techniques, maintenance, and safety tips.
Safety first
There are some limitations and safety considerations for mobility aids, so be sure to take precaution when using them.
How to choose
Canes are ideal for people who need minimal support but may benefit from extra balance. They are lightweight, easy to use, and best suited for individuals with mild balance or strength issues. They offer limited support for people with more severe mobility challenges.
Fitting and adjustments
A cane should be adjusted so that the handle reaches the level of your wrist when you’re standing upright with your arms relaxed at your sides. When holding the cane, your elbow should bend slightly—around 15 to 20 degrees—for optimal comfort and control.
Proper usage techniques
Hold the cane in the hand opposite your weaker leg. Move the cane forward at the same time as you step forward with your weaker leg, helping to distribute weight and maintain balance. Maintain a natural rhythm and pace.
How to choose
Walkers provide more stability and support than canes and are well-suited for people with moderate difficulty walking or maintaining balance. They may be particularly useful for individuals needing assistance with weight-bearing tasks.
Fitting and adjustments
Walkers should be set so that your elbows are slightly bent when your hands are on the grips. Your hands should rest comfortably without needing to reach or lean forward, promoting good posture and ease of movement.
Similar to canes, the walker hand placement should reach your wrist when you are standing straight up with your arms relaxed at your side.
Proper usage techniques
To use a walker correctly, move the walker forward first. Then, brace yourself with your arms and step with your weaker leg, followed by your stronger leg.
How to choose
Wheelchairs are suitable for people who cannot walk or bear weight on their legs. Manual wheelchairs are propelled by the user or a caregiver, while electric wheelchairs offer powered mobility — ideal for those with limited upper body strength.
Fitting and adjustments
Adjust the seat height and depth so that your feet rest flat on the floor and your knees are at a 90-degree angle. The backrest should provide lower back support, and armrests should allow your arms to rest comfortably without strain. If your shoulders are being pushed up or shrugging, your armrests may be too high.
Proper usage techniques
When transferring in and out of a wheelchair, position it close to the bed or chair, lock the wheels, and use your arms to assist with the shift. If using a manual wheelchair, ensure you have sufficient upper body strength to propel it or enlist a caregiver’s help.
How to choose
Mobility scooters are great for people who have limited stamina or endurance but still want independence over longer distances. Their versatility makes them suitable for both indoor and outdoor use.
Fitting and adjustments
Scooters should be adjusted so you can comfortably reach the handlebars and operate the controls without overextending. Your feet should rest securely on the footrests.
Proper usage techniques
Keep your feet on the footrests and manage your direction and speed using the joystick or handlebars. Drive at a slow, controlled pace and avoid sharp turns to minimize the risk of tipping.
How to choose
Service animals — typically dogs — are trained to perform specific tasks for people with disabilities, including individuals with mobility challenges. They can assist with balance, retrieve dropped items, open doors, press buttons, and even provide support during transfers or while walking.
Choosing a service animal involves evaluating your needs and matching with a trained dog through a certified program. If you decide to welcome a service dog into your life, remember that they’ll need your care and attention to stay healthy and happy.
Fitting and adjustments
While dogs don’t require “fitting” like devices do, they usually do wear specialized gear, such as harnesses or vests, that allows them to help people effectively. A properly fitted harness enables them to provide steady support without experiencing discomfort or limiting the movement of either the animal or handler.
Proper usage techniques
Using a service animal involves consistent commands, proper handling, and trust between you and your pup.
For mobility support, the dog is trained to brace or counterbalance. It’s essential to follow the training protocols and avoid overloading the animal or using them inappropriately. Regular training reinforcement is key to maintaining their skills.
If choosing a mobility aid, like a cane or walker, it’s essential to pick the right type, adjust it for a proper fit, follow proper usage techniques, and maintain it regularly. A service animal with proper training can be another mobility aid option that may work for you.
With a mobility aid, older adults can continue to enjoy greater independence and safety, allowing them to navigate their environment with more confidence and ease.
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